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Modal verbs
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Modal verbs are conjugated in the perfect tense with the auxiliary hawwe have.

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Modal verbs can be used to indicate a change of location, as if a verb of motion had been deleted (see chapter 5 on the absence of the infinitival form of this light verb and some others).

1
a. Douwe moat nei de stêd ta
Douwe moat to the town to
Douwe must go to the city
b. Douwe soe nei de stêd ta
Douwe should to the town to
Douwe planned to go to the city

These modals form their perfect tense with hawwe have, not with wêze be:

2
a. Douwe hat nei de stêd ta moatten
Douwe has to the town to must.PfP
Douwe must have had to go to the city
b. *Douwe is nei de stêd ta moatten
Douwe is to the town to must.PfP
Douwe must have had to go to the city
c. Douwe hie nei de stêd ta sillen
Douwe had to the town to shall.PfP
Douwe had wanted to go to the city
d. *Douwe wie nei de stêd ta sillen
Douwe was to the town to shall.PfP
Douwe had wanted to go to the city
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