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Appositive construction
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A Verb Phrase VP may be predicated of a Noun Phrase (NP) in an appositive construction. In that case, the VP is not integrated into the syntactic structure to which the NP belongs. An example is given below:

1
Gurbe, laitsjend, sljurke by de sleatswâl del
Gurbe laughing slid at the ditch.side down
Gurbe, laughing, slid down the side of the ditch
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Apposition is only possible with the present participle or with the wei-supplementive. An example involving the wei-supplementive is given below:

2
Gurbe, laitsjendewei, sljurke by de sleatswâl del
Gurbe laughing.WEI slid at the ditch.side down
Gurbe, laughing, slid down the side of the ditch

Apposition is excluded with infinitives, as is illustrated for the ordinary infinitive, the gerundial infinitive and the to-infinitive:

3
a. *Gurbe, laitsje, sljurke by de sleatswâl del
Gurbe laugh.OI slid at the ditch.side down
Gurbe, laughing, slid down the side of the ditch
b. *Gurbe, laitsjen, sljurke by de sleatswâl del
Gurbe laugh.GI slid at the ditch.side down
Gurbe, laughing, slid down the side of the ditch
c. *Gurbe, te laitsjen, sljurke by de sleatswâl del
Gurbe to laugh.OI slid at the ditch.side down
Gurbe, laughing, slid down the side of the ditch

An apposition is interpreted semantically as a predication that is equivalent to one mediated by the verb to be. However, the present participle does not appear with the verb wêze:

4
*Jouke is laitsjende
Jouke is laughing
Jouke is laughing

Participles repressing manner movement can appear here:

5
Jouke is rinnende
Jouke is walking
Jouke came walking
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